Constantine I

Constantine I, or Causantín mac Cináeda, was the king of Scotland from around 862 to 877 CE. He was the son of Kenneth I and ascended to the throne after the death of his uncle, Donald I. During his reign, Constantine faced significant Viking invasions, emblematic of the larger Viking Age challenges that were transforming the British Isles. His rule was marked by efforts to defend his kingdom against these Norse raiders, culminating in his death at the Battle of Inverdorat in 877. Constantine's reign represents a period of military and political struggle as the nascent Kingdom of Alba sought to establish and maintain its sovereignty amid external threats.