High Medieval Period

From 1072 to 1296, the High Medieval Period in Scotland was characterized by consolidation and expansion of the Scottish kingdom, Norman influence in governance and culture, and the establishment of distinct Scottish institutions. The period saw the reigns of influential monarchs like David I, who introduced Norman-style reforms and strengthened the Scottish church. As the Canmore dynasty solidified its rule, Scotland expanded its territories, incorporating regions like Galloway and the Western Isles. However, the period's end was marked by political instability following the death of Alexander III in 1286, leading to a succession crisis. This turmoil culminated in Edward I of England's interference in Scottish affairs, setting the stage for the forthcoming Wars of Scottish Independence after 1296.